Avoid These 7 Common Mistakes During Cold and Flu Season

As influenza and common colds remain prevalent, particularly in the United States, many individuals may be making critical errors in their approach to prevention and treatment. According to health experts, these missteps can increase the likelihood of serious illness or complications. Notably, the ongoing impact of COVID-19 has shifted public perception regarding infectious diseases, underlining the importance of effective health practices.

Dr. Steven Lamm, an internist and director at NYU Langone’s Preston Robert Tisch Center for Men’s Health, emphasizes that the seriousness of influenza is often underestimated. He highlights that this misconception can lead to a chain of errors that jeopardize health. “People should be scared of influenza,” he states, noting that it can lead to severe complications, including “long influenza,” where symptoms persist for weeks beyond the initial infection.

Understanding the Risks of Influenza

Many individuals believe they are invulnerable to the flu, especially if they have never contracted it before. Dr. Lamm clarifies that while the flu vaccine does not guarantee immunity, it significantly reduces the chances of contracting the virus and lessens the severity of symptoms. Dr. Allison Agwu from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine supports this view, stating that even partial effectiveness can lead to fewer hospitalizations and better outcomes.

A systematic review published in The New England Journal of Medicine confirms the safety and efficacy of flu vaccines during the upcoming 2025-2026 season. Experts recommend getting vaccinated in November or December before flu activity peaks in January or February. Conversations with healthcare providers can help alleviate concerns about vaccination.

Recognizing Symptoms and Seeking Care

When individuals start experiencing symptoms such as a sore throat or stuffy nose, they often dismiss them as allergies. Dr. Agwu advises that taking a sick day to rest can prevent further complications and protect others from illness. “It’s not just about not going to work; it’s also about avoiding social activities while you’re symptomatic,” she asserts.

Over-reliance on vitamin C is another common mistake. While a 2023 meta-analysis in BMC Public Health indicates that vitamin C can be beneficial for reducing cold symptoms, excessive intake can lead to gastrointestinal distress. It is advised that adults consume no more than 2,000 milligrams of vitamin C daily. Natural sources such as oranges and broccoli are preferable.

Home remedies are often seen as harmless, but they can interact with prescribed medications. Dr. Lamm warns that while remedies like ginger and echinacea may not pose significant risks, individuals on certain medications should consult their healthcare providers before trying them.

Practicing Prevention and Responding to Illness

Simple hygiene practices such as handwashing remain effective. Dr. Lamm points out that public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in lower influenza rates, reaffirming the importance of cleanliness and health routines. “Wash your hands for at least 20 seconds, consider wearing a mask in crowded places, and maintain a healthy lifestyle,” he advises.

For individuals in high-risk categories, such as the elderly or those with chronic conditions, early treatment with antiviral medications can be crucial. Dr. Lamm emphasizes the importance of seeking medical attention promptly, as these medications are most effective when administered within the first 48 hours of symptom onset.

By understanding these common pitfalls and implementing effective prevention strategies, individuals can better navigate the cold and flu season, safeguarding their health and that of the community.