Researchers Uncover Acoustic Secrets of Inca Building in Peru

In the remote town of Huaytará, Peru, researchers are shedding light on a unique Incan structure known as the carpa uasi, revealing its potential acoustic properties. Built in the 15th century, this three-walled formation underlies the Church of San Juan Bautista and may have served a distinct purpose beyond mere stability. The ongoing study emphasizes the need to explore the less visible aspects of ancient civilizations, particularly their sonic environments.

Stella Nair, an associate professor of Indigenous arts of the Americas at the University of California, Los Angeles, leads the investigation. In an official statement, she noted, “We’re exploring the possibility that the carpa uasi may have amplified low-frequency sounds, such as drumming, with minimal reverberation.” This research aims to provide insights into what the Incas valued in their auditory experiences.

The Inca Empire, which thrived during the 15th and early 16th centuries, extended along the western coast of South America, from modern-day Ecuador to Chile. The carpa uasi, meaning “tent house,” features an open design that likely directed sound waves outward, facilitating communication and musical expression in their communities.

Nair elaborated on the architectural significance of this structure, stating, “Many people look at Inca architecture and are impressed with the stonework, but that’s just the tip of the iceberg. They were also concerned with the ephemeral, temporary and impermanent, and sound was one of those things.” This perspective highlights the importance of sound in Andean culture, suggesting that the Incas deliberately compromised some structural stability for enhanced acoustic potential.

While the carpa uasi has been known to scholars for years, Nair and her team may be the first to fully recognize its sound amplification capabilities. This remarkable structure has withstood the test of time for over 600 years, primarily due to the church built atop it, which provides necessary support.

The team is currently developing a model to demonstrate how sound would have traveled through the carpa uasi, aiming to contribute to the broader understanding of Incan architecture and culture. Nair emphasized the vital role of sound in shaping human experiences, stating, “Sound studies are really critical because we tend to emphasize the visual in how we understand the world around us, including our past.”

Incorporating sound into historical studies can significantly alter perceptions of ancient societies. By examining the acoustic features of the carpa uasi, researchers are not only expanding knowledge of Inca engineering but also enriching the narrative of how sound influenced daily life and communal activities in pre-Hispanic Peru.

This exploration serves as a reminder of the multifaceted nature of cultural heritage, encouraging a more holistic approach to understanding the lives and values of ancient civilizations. The insights gained from such research are invaluable in appreciating the complexities of human history beyond what is visually apparent.